Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Choosing the right cables for your building’s network is crucial for safety and performance. Two common types of cables used in different spaces are riser and plenum cables. Understanding their differences and when to use each can help you make the best decision for your setup.
What is plenum space?
Plenum space refers to the area in buildings used for air circulation for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). These spaces often include the space between a dropped ceiling and the structural ceiling or under raised floors. Due to their role in air distribution, plenum spaces require materials that reduce the spread of flames and smoke.
What is plenum cable and when to use it?
Plenum cable is specifically designed for use in plenum spaces. These cables have a special insulation made from low-smoke and flame-retardant materials. They are ideal for areas where fire safety is a concern. Use plenum cables in any space designated for air circulation, such as above ceiling tiles or under raised floors.
What is riser cable and when to use it?
Riser cable is used to run between floors in non-plenum areas. These cables are designed to prevent fires from traveling along vertical pathways. They are less strict in terms of fire resistance compared to plenum cables but still provide necessary safety measures. Use riser cables for vertical runs that don’t pass through plenum spaces.
The main differences between the two
The main differences between riser and plenum cables lie in their fire resistance and intended use:
Fire resistance: Plenum cables have a higher fire resistance due to their low-smoke, flame-retardant materials. Riser cables, while still fire-resistant, do not have the same stringent requirements.
Usage areas: Plenum cables are used in plenum spaces, while riser cables are used for vertical runs between floors that do not involve plenum spaces.
Cost: Plenum cables tend to be more expensive due to their enhanced safety features.
Common acronyms for plenum and riser cables
When searching for plenum or riser cables, you’ll come across various acronyms.
CMP: Communications plenum. These cables are suitable for any plenum or riser space.
CMR: Communications riser. These cables are designed for riser applications.
NEC: National Electrical Code. A guideline under the NFPA that ensures electrical system safety and protects against electrical hazards.
NFPA: National Fire Protection Association. They create the standards that cables must meet for residential and commercial fire safety.
CL2P and CL3P: Class 2 and Class 3 plenum cables. These are used for in-wall installations in plenum and riser spaces. Class 2 is intrinsically safe, while Class 3 requires a protection device within the power supply.
CL2R and CL3R: Class 2 and Class 3 riser cables. These are used for in-wall installations in riser spaces.
How to tell the difference between plenum and riser cables
You can tell the difference between plenum and riser cables by looking at their markings and materials:
Markings: Check the cable jacket for markings like CMP or CMR.
Materials: Plenum cables usually have a smoother jacket and are made of low-smoke, flame-retardant materials. Riser cables might have a tougher, less smooth exterior.
Price: If you have both types available, plenum cables will normally be more expensive.
By understanding these differences, you can ensure a safer and more efficient network setup.
Takeaways
Choosing between riser and plenum cables depends on your specific installation needs and safety requirements. Plenum cables, marked as CMP, are essential for areas that circulate air, such as spaces above ceilings or under floors. Riser cables, marked as CMR, are suitable for vertical runs between floors. By understanding the differences in fire resistance, usage areas, and cost, and by familiarizing yourself with the common acronyms, you can ensure that you select the right cable for your building’s network. Making the right choice enhances both safety and performance, providing peace of mind for your installation.
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